Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that typically affects the lining of the lungs and chest wall or the lining of the abdomen. It is caused by exposure to asbestos, a mineral that was commonly used in construction and other industries until the 1970s. The disease can take decades to develop and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, making it difficult to treat.
In this article, we will explore the medical terminology associated with mesothelioma, including its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. We will also provide answers to some frequently asked questions about the disease.
What is Mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the mesothelium, which is the thin layer of tissue that covers most organs in the body. The disease is typically associated with exposure to asbestos, although other factors may also play a role.
There are three main types of mesothelioma: pleural mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the lungs and chest wall; peritoneal mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the abdomen; and pericardial mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the heart.
The Symptoms of Mesothelioma
The symptoms of mesothelioma can vary depending on the location of the cancer. In the case of pleural mesothelioma, the symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, persistent cough, fatigue, and weight loss. In the case of peritoneal mesothelioma, the symptoms may include abdominal pain, swelling, nausea, and vomiting.
The Diagnosis of Mesothelioma
The diagnosis of mesothelioma typically involves a combination of imaging tests, such as X-rays and CT scans, as well as biopsies, which involve taking a sample of tissue from the affected area for examination under a microscope.
The Treatment of Mesothelioma
The treatment of mesothelioma may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these approaches. The choice of treatment will depend on the location and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.
The Prognosis for Mesothelioma
The prognosis for mesothelioma is generally poor, with most patients surviving less than a year after diagnosis. However, there are some cases in which patients have survived for several years with aggressive treatment.
Medical Terminology Associated with Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma is associated with a number of medical terms that may be unfamiliar to the general public. Below, we will define and explain some of the most common terms.
Asbestos
Asbestos is a mineral that was commonly used in construction and other industries until the 1970s. When asbestos fibers are inhaled or swallowed, they can become lodged in the mesothelium and cause cancer.
Biopsy
A biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of tissue is taken from the affected area for examination under a microscope. Biopsies are often used to diagnose mesothelioma.
Cytology
Cytology is the study of cells, particularly those that are shed or scraped from the body. Cytology is often used to diagnose mesothelioma.
Malignant
Malignant refers to cancerous cells or tumors that are capable of spreading to other parts of the body.
Pleura
The pleura is the thin layer of tissue that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity. Pleural mesothelioma affects this area.
Peritoneum
The peritoneum is the thin layer of tissue that lines the inside of the abdomen. Peritoneal mesothelioma affects this area.
Pericardium
The pericardium is the thin layer of tissue that surrounds the heart. Pericardial mesothelioma affects this area.
Mesothelioma FAQs
What is the cause of mesothelioma?
The primary cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos. Other factors, such as genetics and radiation exposure, may also play a role.
What are the symptoms of mesothelioma?
Symptoms of mesothelioma vary depending on the location of the cancer, but may include chest pain, shortness of breath, persistent cough, fatigue, weight loss, abdominal pain, swelling, nausea, and vomiting.
How is mesothelioma diagnosed?
Mesothelioma is typically diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests, such as X-rays and CT scans, as well as biopsies.
What is the treatment for mesothelioma?
Treatment for mesothelioma may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these approaches.
What is the prognosis for mesothelioma?
The prognosis for mesothelioma is generally poor, with most patients surviving less than a year after diagnosis. However, some patients have survived for several years with aggressive treatment.
Can mesothelioma be prevented?
Mesothelioma can be prevented by avoiding exposure to asbestos. If you work in an industry that may involve exposure to asbestos, be sure to follow proper safety precautions and wear protective equipment.